Coronal and Transverse Malalignment in Pediatric Patellofemoral Instability
Robert C Palmer1, David A Podeszwa1,2, Philip L Wilson1,2
1Scottish Rite for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 24, 2021
Summary
Pediatric patellofemoral instability (PFI) involves complex causes beyond knee anatomy. This review focuses on evaluating PFI in young patients, considering coronal and transverse plane deformities and bony procedures.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Pediatric Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Patellofemoral instability (PFI) includes symptomatic instability, subluxations, and dislocations.
- Acute patellar dislocation incidence is estimated at 43 per 100,000 children under 16.
- The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) complex is crucial for patellar stability.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review the evaluation of PFI in pediatric and adolescent patients.
- Focus on the role of coronal and transverse plane deformities in PFI.
- Provide a framework for incorporating bony procedures for PFI treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of patellofemoral instability evaluation.
- Analysis of anatomic factors contributing to PFI.
- Discussion of surgical techniques for bony deformities.
Main Results:
- PFI etiology is multifactorial, involving patella alta, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance, genu valgum, and torsional deformities.
- Coronal and transverse plane deformities significantly contribute to PFI.
- Bony procedures can be integrated into treatment frameworks.
Conclusions:
- Comprehensive evaluation of pediatric PFI requires assessing multiple anatomic factors.
- Addressing coronal and transverse plane deformities is essential for managing PFI.
- Surgical management may involve bony procedures to correct underlying deformities.
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