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A comprehensive study of right and left inferior phrenic artery variations in 1000 patients with multidetector
Arzu Ekingen1, Mehmet Güli Çetinçakmak2
1Vocational High School of Health Services, Batman University, Batman, Turkey. arzumumcu55@gmail.com.
Insights
This study classified 52 variations in inferior phrenic artery (IPA) origins using CT scans. Understanding these anatomic variations is crucial for procedures like chemoembolization and surgery.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Anatomy
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- The inferior phrenic arteries (IPAs) supply the diaphragm and adrenal glands.
- Anatomical variations in IPA origins can impact surgical and interventional procedures.
- Accurate classification of these variations is essential for clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and classify the anatomic variations in the origins of the right and left inferior phrenic arteries (IPAs).
- To identify and categorize combined variations in IPA origins using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 1000 patients undergoing abdominal aorta angiography.
- Evaluation of right and left IPA origins separately and combined using 3D imaging.
- Classification of variant patterns and statistical analysis using SPSS 21.
Main Results:
- Inferior phrenic arteries (IPAs) originated from a common trunk in 36% of patients and independently in 60.9%.
- The most frequent variant was a common trunk from the celiac trunk (19.7%).
- Agenesis or single IPA was observed in 1.4% and 1.7% of patients, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Fifty-two distinct variations in combined IPA origins were identified, a novel classification.
- Awareness of IPA anatomic variations is critical for procedures like transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and surgery.
- Understanding these variations can improve outcomes in liver cancer treatment and organ transplantation.
Purpose:
To investigate the anatomic variations in the origins of the right and left inferior phrenic arteries (IPAs) using multidetector computed tomography and to classify their combined variations.
Methods:
This retrospective study included patients undergoing abdominal aorta angiography between January 2015 and October 2019. The RIPA and LIPA origins were evaluated both separately and combined on three-dimensional images. The variant patterns of the IPAs were determined and classified. The numerical evaluation of the data was performed with SPSS 21.
Results:
In total, 1000 patients (478 women, 522 men) were evaluated. The IPAs originated from a common trunk or a common root in 360 (36.00%) patients, while the IPAs originated independently without a common trunk in 609 (60.90%) patients. The most common combined variant detected in the present study was IPAs originating as a common trunk from the coeliac trunk in 197 (19.70%) patients; 14 (1.40%) patients had no inferior phrenic artery (IPA), and 17 (1.70%) patients had only one IPA.
Conclusion:
Fifty-two different types of variations in the combined origin of the inferior phrenic arteries were described in this study for the first time in the literature. Awareness of the anatomic variations in the IPAs, which is critical for hepatocellular carcinoma origins, may benefit various clinical procedures, such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, organ transplantations, laparoscopic surgical procedures, and radiological procedures.
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