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Comparison of Clinical Features and Outcome of Dengue Fever and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Gurdeep Singh Dhooria1, Shruti Kakkar2, Puneet A Pooni2

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. Correspondence to: Dr Gurdeep Singh Dhooria, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. gurdeep2005123@gmail.com.

Indian Pediatrics
|July 24, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Differentiating pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) from dengue fever is possible using clinical and lab findings. Elevated C-reactive protein suggests MIS-C, while higher ferritin indicates dengue fever.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Dengue fever and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) are significant pediatric health concerns.
  • Both conditions can present with overlapping symptoms, making differential diagnosis challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct clinical and laboratory features differentiating dengue fever from MIS-C in hospitalized children.
  • To compare the outcomes of children diagnosed with dengue fever versus MIS-C.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching institute.
  • Hospitalized children aged 1 month to 18 years diagnosed with MIS-C or dengue fever (WHO criteria) were enrolled.
  • Clinical, laboratory features, and outcomes were systematically recorded.

Main Results:

  • MIS-C patients were younger than dengue fever patients (P=0.002).
  • Abdominal pain and rash were more frequent in dengue fever.
  • Elevated C-reactive protein levels were observed in MIS-C patients (100.2 mg/dL vs 16.9 mg/dL; P<0.001), while dengue fever patients had higher serum ferritin (P=0.03).
  • MIS-C patients experienced longer hospital stays (8.6 days vs 6.5 days; P=0.014).

Conclusions:

  • Clinical and laboratory markers, such as C-reactive protein and serum ferritin, aid in differentiating MIS-C from dengue fever.
  • Early identification through these features can facilitate prompt and specific treatment for pediatric patients.
Abstract

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