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Comparison of posterior corneal elevation in children with and without vernal keratoconjunctivitis using a new

V Kavitha1, Mallikarjun M Heralgi1, Saba Aafreen1

  • 1Sankara Eye Hospital, Shimoga, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|July 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) show significantly higher posterior corneal elevation (PCE). Screening VKC patients for keratoconus (KC) using a Sirius tomographer is recommended due to elevated PCE.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Imaging
  • Pediatric Eye Diseases

Background:

  • Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a common allergic eye condition in children.
  • Posterior corneal changes can occur in VKC, potentially indicating underlying corneal disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate posterior corneal elevation (PCE) in children diagnosed with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).
  • To compare PCE in VKC patients with age and gender-matched healthy children.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 110 children (55 VKC, 55 controls) was conducted.
  • Sirius tomographer/topographer was used to measure PCE, thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), simulated K (Sim K), keratoconus front (KVf), and keratoconus vertex back (KVb).
  • Statistical comparison of parameters between VKC and control groups was performed.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in TCT and Sim K were observed between groups.
  • Mean PCE was significantly higher in the VKC group (18.8 ± 8.4 μm) compared to the control group (11.7 ± 3.9 μm) (P < 0.001).
  • Both KVf and KVb were significantly elevated in children with VKC.

Conclusions:

  • Children with VKC exhibit significantly increased posterior corneal elevation.
  • Routine screening for keratoconus (KC) in VKC patients is advised.
  • The Sirius tomographer is a suitable instrument for assessing PCE and detecting potential KC development in VKC.
Abstract

Keywords:
Keratoconuskeratoconus vertex backkeratoconus vertex frontposterior corneal elevationsirius tomographerthinnest corneal thicknessvernal keratoconjunctivitis

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