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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
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Association between Pelvic Parameters and Vaginal Delivery.

Tomohiro Yamada1, Yu Yamato1,2, Tomohiko Hasegawa1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.

Asian Spine Journal
|July 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Vaginal delivery is associated with changes in pelvic parameters, specifically pelvic incidence and sacral slope. More vaginal deliveries correlate with higher values for these parameters, impacting spinal alignment over a woman's lifetime.

Keywords:
Cesarean sectionPelvic incidenceVaginal delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Spinal and pelvic biomechanics
  • Obstetrics and gynecology
  • Radiographic analysis

Background:

  • Vaginal delivery involves widening of the sacroiliac joint and sacral nutation.
  • The relationship between these pelvic parameter changes and parity remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between vaginal delivery and key pelvic parameters.
  • To clarify the influence of parity on pelvic parameter fluctuations.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 213 female volunteers (mean age 71.1 years).
  • Whole-spine radiographs were analyzed.
  • Participants were grouped based on the number of vaginal deliveries (0, 1-2, or ≥3) for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Women with parity (≥1 vaginal delivery) exhibited significantly higher pelvic incidence (PI) and sacral slope compared to nulliparous women.
  • A dose-dependent relationship was observed, with three or more vaginal deliveries correlating with the highest PI and sacral slope values.
  • These findings were statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence linking vaginal delivery to alterations in pelvic parameters.
  • Postnatal pelvic incidence (PI) can be influenced by bony birth canal realignment during vaginal birth.
  • The findings contribute to understanding lifelong changes in pelvic incidence throughout a woman's lifespan.