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A new Turing test: metaphor vs. nonsense.

Irving Massey1

  • 1Department of English and Comparative Literature, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA.

AI & Society
|July 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A computer may struggle to differentiate between metaphor and nonsense, proposing a new Turing Test. This aesthetic-based test explores the human capacity for metaphorical understanding, potentially defining human consciousness.

Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Cognitive Science
  • Literary Theory

Background:

  • The traditional Turing Test assesses artificial intelligence based on conversational indistinguishability from humans.
  • Metaphorical language and aesthetic appreciation represent complex cognitive functions.
  • The subjective experience of interpreting poetry and figurative language is central to human cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel "Turing Test" centered on the human ability to discern and transition between literal and metaphorical meanings.
  • To investigate whether artificial intelligence can replicate the human capacity for aesthetic judgment and metaphorical understanding.
  • To explore the potential of aesthetics as a defining characteristic of human intelligence.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
AIAutismMetaphorNonsenseTuring test

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  • Self-experimentation involving the alternating interpretation of a poem as both profound and nonsensical.
  • Analysis of the cognitive shift required to switch between literal and metaphorical interpretations of language, using examples like "green thumb."
  • Conceptualization of a new Turing Test based on aesthetic judgment rather than technological simulation.

    • Main Results:

    • The study suggests that the transition between literal and metaphorical understanding is an intuitive, non-prescriptive aesthetic gesture.
    • It is hypothesized that computers cannot currently replicate this fluid cognitive transformation, indicating a potential limitation in AI.
    • The ability to engage with metaphor is proposed as a fundamental aspect of human consciousness.

    Conclusions:

    • A computer's inability to distinguish metaphor from nonsense could serve as a new benchmark for artificial general intelligence.
    • An "aesthetics Turing Test" could offer a more profound measure of machine intelligence by evaluating its grasp of subjective experience.
    • The capacity for metaphorical thinking may be intrinsically linked to the definition of being human.