Cardiac Involvement in Movement Disorders
Malco Rossi1,2, Nestor Wainsztein3, Marcelo Merello1,2,4
1Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Raúl Carrea, Fleni Buenos Aires Argentina.
Insights
Cardiac disease is often linked to movement disorders. Careful heart evaluation is crucial, as it can be a primary cause of death and illness in these neurological conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Movement disorders can be associated with cardiac disease, often overlooked in neurological contexts.
- Neurological and cardiac symptoms may share common pathophysiological mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review neurological conditions featuring both movement disorders and primary cardiac involvement.
- To enhance clinical awareness of the cardiac implications in movement disorder patients.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was performed adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Identified studies focused on disorders with combined neurological movement and cardiac manifestations.
Main Results:
- Several movement disorders prominently feature cardiac disease, including Friedreich's ataxia and Wilson's disease.
- Metabolic disorders like Refsum disease and Gaucher disease also show this association.
- Cardiac involvement timing varies, appearing early in some (Sydenham's chorea) and later in others (Friedreich's ataxia).
Conclusions:
- Cardiac disease is a key part of the phenotype for many movement disorders.
- Thorough cardiac investigation is essential in patients with movement disorders.
- Increased awareness of this association can reduce morbidity and mortality.
Background:
Several conditions represented mainly by movement disorders are associated with cardiac disease, which can be overlooked in clinical practice in the context of a prominent primary neurological disorder.
Objectives:
To review neurological conditions that combine movement disorders and primary cardiac involvement.
Methods:
A comprehensive and structured literature search following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria was conducted to identify disorders combining movement disorders and cardiac disease.
Results:
Some movement disorders are commonly or prominently associated with cardiac disease. Neurological and cardiac symptoms may share underlying physiopathological mechanisms in diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia and Wilson's disease, and in certain metabolic disorders, including Refsum disease, Gaucher disease, a congenital disorder of glycosylation, or cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. In certain conditions, such as Sydenham's chorea or dilated cardiomyopathy with ataxia syndrome (ATX-DNAJC19), heart involvement can present early in the course of disease, whereas in others such as Friedreich's ataxia or Refsum disease, cardiac symptoms tend to present in later stages. In another 68 acquired or inherited conditions, cardiac involvement or movement disorders are seldom reported.
Conclusions:
As cardiac disease is part of the phenotypic spectrum of several movement disorders, heart involvement should be carefully investigated and increased awareness of this association encouraged as it may represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
01:30Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
01:28Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias
01:15Parkinson's Disease: Overview
01:26Imbalances in Cardiac Output
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
01:29Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance