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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Effective Immunofluorescent Staining Protocol for Intestinal Cell Biology Research
Published on: July 19, 2024
ACE2 chromogenic immunostaining protocol optimized for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human tissue sections
Marda Jorgensen1, Paul Joseph1, Amanda L Posgai1
1Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Abstract:
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a key cellular entry factor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Hence, identifying cell types that express ACE2 is important for understanding the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019. We performed extensive testing of multiple primary antibodies across various human tissue types. Here, we describe an optimized protocol for immunostaining of ACE2 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human pancreas, small intestine, and kidney tissue sections obtained from organ donors and autopsies. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Kusmartseva et al. (2020).
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