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Optic disc vasculitis in epidemic dropsy.

M S Sachdev1, N N Sood, M Mohan

  • 1Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Epidemic dropsy, caused by Argemone mexicana oil, can lead to serious eye conditions like papillophlebitis. This study details retinal changes and fluorescein angiography findings in affected patients, highlighting a new ocular manifestation.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Epidemic dropsy is a serious public health concern, often linked to adulterated edible oils.
  • Ocular manifestations of epidemic dropsy, particularly those related to Argemone mexicana oil toxicity, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ocular manifestations of epidemic dropsy during a Delhi outbreak.
  • To characterize the clinical and fluorescein angiographic findings in patients with epidemic dropsy.
  • To identify new ocular complications associated with Argemone mexicana oil toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • A study of 233 patients diagnosed with epidemic dropsy.
  • Clinical examination of ocular changes, including retinal and optic disc assessments.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fluorescein angiography performed on 23 randomly selected cases.

    • Main Results:

    • Observed retinal changes included venous dilatation, tortuosity, hemorrhages, and disc edema.
    • Clinical findings consistent with Type I (13 eyes) and Type II (3 eyes) optic disc vasculitis were noted.
    • Fluorescein angiography revealed dilated/tortuous retinal veins, vascular staining, microaneurysms, disc edema, and peripapillary dye leakage.
    • Positive angiographic findings correlated with systemic disease severity but not with glaucoma.
    • Papillophlebitis was identified as a novel ocular manifestation.

    Conclusions:

    • Argemone mexicana oil toxicity can cause papillophlebitis, a previously unreported ocular complication of epidemic dropsy.
    • Fluorescein angiography is a valuable tool for assessing the severity and nature of ocular involvement in epidemic dropsy.
    • Early detection and management of ocular complications are crucial in epidemic dropsy cases.