[Consensus on treatment of multisystemic inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Infectious Diseases
• Cardiovascular Complications in Children
• COVID-19 Sequelae

Background:

• The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to a rare but severe condition in children known as Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).
• While most pediatric COVID-19 cases are mild, MIS-C presents as a significant post-infectious complication.
• MIS-C, also termed Kawasaki-like disease (KLC), requires intensive care due to potential shock and cardiovascular dysfunction.

Framework:

• MIS-C is characterized by persistent fever, inflammation markers, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cardiovascular compromise.
• Laboratory findings include elevated inflammatory markers, hypercoagulability, and indicators of myocardial damage.
• Clinical presentation can rapidly progress to hypotension and shock, necessitating pediatric intensive care.

Implementation:

• First-line pharmacologic management involves intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) combined with oral acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).
• A multidisciplinary team approach is essential for timely and accurate diagnosis.
• Prompt and effective treatment is critical to mitigate severe outcomes.

Implications:

• Early intervention in MIS-C can significantly reduce patient morbidity and mortality.
• Understanding the pathophysiology of MIS-C is vital for developing targeted therapies.
• This condition highlights the diverse and sometimes severe long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric populations.