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Response to intraperitoneal Staphylococcus epidermidis challenge in renal failure mice
B Gallimore1, R F Gagnon, G K Richards
1Department of Medicine, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.
Abstract:
The role of renal failure in the pathogenesis of the Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) peritonitis presented by end-stage renal disease patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was investigated in a mouse model of surgically-induced renal failure. Six weeks after the surgery, an i.p. inoculum of 10(6) colony forming units S. epidermidis was administered to renal failure mice and their sham-operated and normal controls, and assessment of bacterial clearance and inflammatory response was conducted over the next 72 hours. Peritoneal clearance of S. epidermidis was complete in most animals; however, the process was significantly delayed in renal failure mice compared to sham-operated controls. Viable bacteria invariably remained associated with the peritoneum after peritoneal washings had become culture negative. Peritoneal inflammatory response was markedly diminished in renal failure mice, the early polymorphonuclear cell response being particularly affected. Peripheral response consisted of a prompt and short-lived polymorph increase which was similar in renal failure and sham-operated mice. The factors responsible for the observed impairment of local inflammatory response in association with delayed bacterial clearance in renal failure mice following i.p. challenge with S. epidermidis remain to be defined.
Insights
Renal failure significantly delays Staphylococcus epidermidis clearance and diminishes the inflammatory response in peritonitis, impacting end-stage renal disease patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) are susceptible to Staphylococcus epidermidis peritonitis.
- Renal failure's impact on the pathogenesis of S. epidermidis peritonitis requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of renal failure in the pathogenesis of S. epidermidis peritonitis in a mouse model.
- To assess bacterial clearance and inflammatory responses in mice with surgically-induced renal failure.
Main Methods:
- Surgically-induced renal failure in mice, followed by intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation of S. epidermidis.
- Assessment of bacterial clearance and peritoneal inflammatory response over 72 hours.
- Comparison between renal failure mice, sham-operated controls, and normal controls.
Main Results:
- Peritoneal clearance of S. epidermidis was significantly delayed in renal failure mice.
- Viable bacteria persisted in the peritoneum even after negative peritoneal washings.
- Peritoneal inflammatory response, particularly polymorphonuclear cell influx, was markedly diminished in renal failure mice.
Conclusions:
- Renal failure impairs the local peritoneal inflammatory response and delays bacterial clearance in S. epidermidis peritonitis.
- The precise factors contributing to this impairment in renal failure mice need further investigation.