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Paediatric mitral valve disease - from presentation to management

Sashini Iddawela1, Prince Josiah Sajanthan Joseph2, Roshan Ganeshan3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. sashini.iddawela@nhs.net.

European Journal of Pediatrics
|July 26, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Paediatric mitral valve disease, though rare, poses significant risks. Emerging percutaneous interventions offer new treatment avenues, potentially improving outcomes alongside traditional surgical methods.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Paediatric Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Mitral valve diseases in children are uncommon but lead to significant mortality and morbidity.
  • Acquired causes are a primary contributor to paediatric cardiovascular disease burden.
  • Diagnosis can occur prenatally, at birth, or later with heart failure symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding and emerging trends in paediatric mitral valve disease management.
  • To highlight the evolving role of surgical and percutaneous interventions.
  • To emphasize the need for further research on intervention outcomes and quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on paediatric mitral valve disease epidemiology.
  • Analysis of current treatment modalities including surgical repair and replacement.
  • Evaluation of emerging percutaneous mitral valve interventions.

Main Results:

  • Rheumatic disease and congenital defects are predominant causes of paediatric mitral valve disease.
  • Mitral valve repair and replacement remain standard treatments, with repair gaining popularity.
  • Percutaneous mitral valve interventions are emerging as potential bridge-to-surgery options or definitive treatments for high-risk patients.

Conclusions:

  • Mitral valve repair is increasingly favored, but its long-term outcomes need more study.
  • Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty shows promise as a treatment adjunct.
  • The impact of interventions on paediatric patients' quality of life warrants further investigation.

Keywords:
MitralPaediatricRheumaticValve repairValve replacement

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