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There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.

Clearance Models: Compartment Models

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Clearance measures drug elimination from the central compartment, including plasma and highly perfused organs like kidneys and liver. Its calculation varies depending on pharmacokinetic models and administration routes. The one-compartment model, for instance, portrays the pharmacokinetics of polar drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics administered intravenously and readily excreted in urine. In this case, clearance is influenced by the terminal rate constant (λz) and the total volume...

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The standard deviation measures the spread in the same units as the...

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Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate DMBA-TPA

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Published on: December 19, 2019

Case 296.

Chen-Yen Lu¹, Po-Chun Tseng¹, Kuan-Chih Chen¹

¹From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (C.Y.L., P.C.T., K.C.C., T.H.L., C.K.L., C.S.C.) and Department of Radiology (C.C.H., Y.M.T.), Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, 21 Nan-Ya South Rd, Section 2, Banciao District, New Taipei City, Taiwan 22060; and College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan (C.S.C.).

|July 26, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A woman experienced abdominal pain after consuming herbal medicine. Investigations revealed elevated C-reactive protein, prompting imaging and colonoscopy for diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Internal Medicine
Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

A 55-year-old woman presented with a week of generalized dull abdominal pain.
She had a history of consuming herbal medicine for physical conditioning.
No underlying systemic diseases like diabetes, IBD, autoimmune, or CKD were noted.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the cause of abdominal pain in a patient with elevated inflammatory markers after herbal medicine use.
To evaluate the diagnostic utility of conventional radiography, CT, and colonoscopy in this clinical scenario.

Main Methods:

Patient history and physical examination.
Laboratory tests including serum C-reactive protein (CRP).
Diagnostic imaging: abdominal radiography, noncontrast CT abdomen.
Endoscopic evaluation: colonoscopy.

Main Results:

Laboratory findings were largely normal except for elevated CRP (7.719 mg/dL).
Initial abdominal radiography was performed.
Subsequent evaluations included noncontrast CT of the abdomen and colonoscopy.

Conclusions:

The diagnostic workup aimed to identify the source of abdominal pain and inflammation.
Further results from CT and colonoscopy are pending to establish a definitive diagnosis.