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Published on: September 9, 2022
The efficacy of probiotics in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (an animal model for MS): a systematic review
S Valizadeh1, A Majdi Seghinsara2, K Maleki Chollou3
1Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract:
Probiotics immunomodulatory properties and their beneficial effects for diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are reported by several studies. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the favourable effects of probiotics in improving experimental autoimmune/allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) as an animal model of MS. We systematically searched Scopus, Web of Sciences (ISI), and PubMed databases to identify relevant studies from the inception of these databases to December 2019. A total of 15 animal studies met the inclusion criteria, while no human study met the inclusion criteria. The association between consumption of probiotics and each sign was calculated using the producing pooled odd ratios (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) in a random effect model. The meta-analysis revealed the significant effect of probiotics on the incidence of EAE, weight gain, and clinical symptoms. However, the effects of probiotics on the duration of the disease varied by probiotic strain. The administration of probiotics was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of mortality only in female animals. Moreover, the meta-analysis revealed the promising effects of probiotics on the prevention and management of EAE.
Insights
Probiotics show promise in managing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS). This review found probiotics significantly impact EAE incidence, weight, and symptoms, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Probiotics possess immunomodulatory properties with potential benefits for autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS).
- Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) serves as a key animal model for studying MS pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of probiotics on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
- To evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in preventing and managing EAE as an animal model of MS.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases up to December 2019.
- Inclusion of 15 animal studies investigating probiotic effects on EAE.
- Meta-analysis using random effect models to calculate pooled odd ratios (95% CI) for various EAE outcomes.
Main Results:
- Probiotics significantly influenced EAE incidence, animal weight gain, and clinical symptom severity.
- Probiotic strain influenced the effects on EAE duration.
- Mortality risk was significantly reduced by probiotics, specifically in female animals.
Conclusions:
- Probiotics demonstrate promising effects in the prevention and management of EAE.
- Further research may elucidate strain-specific mechanisms and optimize probiotic-based therapeutic strategies for MS.
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