Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

5.3K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
5.3K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

6.1K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
6.1K
Hearing01:31

Hearing

54.4K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
54.4K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

7.1K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
7.1K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

694
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
694
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

558
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
558

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Regional brain atrophy mediates age effects on words recognition in noise in adults.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Mapping of critical prosodic and phonetic networks in post-stroke apraxia of speech.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Naming practice effects and inconsistencies relate to treatment outcome in people with aphasia.

Neuropsychologia·2025
Same author

Behavior-iEEG-Spectral-Power-Correlation: Defining Neural Substrates of Naturalistic Behavior.

Annals of neurology·2025
Same author

Functional hearing difficulties in Veterans with blast and blunt head trauma are associated with reduced fractional anisotropy in putative auditory radiations.

Hearing research·2025
Same author

Partial least squares multimodal analysis of brain network correlates of language deficits in aphasia.

Brain communications·2025
Same journal

Estimation of hair cell loss from audiograms.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Cochlear size variation in a large-scale international multicentre cohort.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Estimation of minor-to-moderate conductive hearing loss with distortion-product otoacoustic emissions in humans.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Effects of early hearing deficits on olivocochlear efferent neuron morphology in mice.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

Cochlear aging after synaptopathic noise: age-noise interactions in hair cell loss and axonal degeneration.

Hearing research·2026
Same journal

MERGE: Misophonia and emotion regulation in a guided experience sampling study.

Hearing research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI
06:02

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI

Published on: February 3, 2015

9.4K

Speech-Driven Spectrotemporal Receptive Fields Beyond the Auditory Cortex.

Jonathan H Venezia1, Virginia M Richards2, Gregory Hickok2

  • 1VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA, United States; Dept. of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.

Hearing Research
|July 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New fMRI analysis reveals speech processing in non-auditory brain regions. The dorsal premotor cortex and calcarine sulcus show auditory responses, while the inferior frontal gyrus processes intelligible speech.

Keywords:
FmriPitchPremotorSTRFSpectrotemporal modulationsSpeech Intelligibility

More Related Videos

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

16.6K
Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns
09:42

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns

Published on: May 12, 2019

6.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI
06:02

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI

Published on: February 3, 2015

9.4K
Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
06:34

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

16.6K
Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns
09:42

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns

Published on: May 12, 2019

6.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Speech processing involves complex neural pathways.
  • Spectrotemporal receptive fields (STRFs) map auditory responses.
  • Previous fMRI methods detected STRFs mainly in auditory cortex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-analyze fMRI data with a more sensitive statistical test.
  • To identify speech-driven STRF responses in non-auditory brain regions.
  • To characterize the role of these regions in speech perception.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized spectrotemporal modulation filtering to create intelligible and unintelligible speech stimuli.
  • Applied a multivariate statistical test for cross-subject alignment of STRFs.
  • Analyzed fMRI data to detect STRF responses in auditory and non-auditory regions.

Main Results:

  • STRF responses were identified in the left dorsal premotor cortex (dPM), left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and bilateral calcarine sulcus (calcS).
  • dPM and calcS responded to vocal pitch and showed functional connectivity with auditory regions.
  • IFG responded primarily to intelligible speech and connected with speech-language areas.

Conclusions:

  • Left dPM is part of the dorsal laryngeal motor cortex, encoding vocal pitch.
  • IFG forms a higher-order speech circuit influencing acoustic processing.
  • CalcS response may relate to vocal pitch quality and emotion modulation.