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Related Concept Videos

Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

6.4K
The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
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Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

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Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.9K
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

10.0K
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
10.0K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

8.8K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.8K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

2.0K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
2.0K
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

24.1K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
24.1K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
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Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

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SARS-CoV-2 Restructures the Host Chromatin Architecture.

Ruoyu Wang1,2, Joo-Hyung Lee1, Feng Xiong1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|July 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

SARS-CoV-2 infection restructures host cell 3D genome architecture and epigenome. This viral impact weakens antiviral genes and alters inflammatory gene expression, impacting immune response.

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CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
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CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure

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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
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Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

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CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
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CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure

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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Over 190 million SARS-CoV-2 infections worldwide necessitate understanding viral impacts on host cells.
  • Viruses are known to alter host chromatin, but SARS-CoV-2's role remains largely uncharacterized.

Conclusions:

  • SARS-CoV-2 rewires host chromatin architecture and epigenome to deregulate immunological gene expression.
  • The study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2-induced immune dysregulation.
  • Findings lay the foundation for understanding the long-term epigenomic consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.