Outcomes after Acute Peritoneal Dialysis for Critical Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1

The aim of the study was to demonstrate the outcomes of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in critically ill cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS1).

A cohort of 147 patients with CRS1 who received PD from 2011 to 2019 in a referral hospital in Thailand was analyzed. The primary outcome was 30-day in-hospital mortality. Ultrafiltration and net fluid balance among survivors and nonsurvivors in the first 5 PD sessions were compared.

The 30-day mortality rate was 73.4%. Most patients were critically ill CRS1 (all patients had a respiratory failure of which 68% had cardiogenic shock). Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine at the commencement of PD were 60.1 and 4.05 mg/dL. In multivariable analysis, increasing age, unstable hemodynamics, and positive fluid balance in the first 5 PD sessions were associated with the risk of in-hospital mortality. The change of fluid balance per day during the first 5 dialysis days was significantly different among survivor and nonsurvivor groups (-353 vs. 175 mL per day, p = 0.01).

PD is a viable dialysis option in CRS1, especially in a resource-limited setting. PD can save up to 27% of lives among patients with critically ill CRS1.