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Related Concept Videos

Wind Turbine Machine Models01:24

Wind Turbine Machine Models

264
In the growing field of wind energy, incorporating wind turbine models into transient stability analysis is essential. Induction and synchronous machines are the primary models used, with induction machines being prevalent due to their simplicity and reliability.
Induction machines interact through the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator and the rotor. The key parameter is slip, which is the difference between synchronous speed and rotor speed relative to synchronous speed. Slip is...
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Design Example: Calculating Safe Diameter for Wind-Exposed Disc01:17

Design Example: Calculating Safe Diameter for Wind-Exposed Disc

208
Assessing safety in wind-exposed installations is crucial to preventing potential failures. This example explores the calculation and design adjustments needed to mount a circular disc on a building facade, where wind forces are a primary concern. A 4-meter diameter disc was initially designed as an aesthetic feature facing winds at a velocity of 25 meters per second, with an air density of 1.25 kilograms per cubic meter. Given these conditions, the drag force on the disc was determined using...
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Turbine-Governor Control01:17

Turbine-Governor Control

485
Turbine-governor control is crucial for maintaining power system stability by balancing turbine mechanical power output with electrical load demand. This mechanism ensures that generator frequency and rotor speed are within acceptable limits during load variations. Turbine-generator units store kinetic energy due to their rotating masses; this energy is released to meet the load requirement when the load increases. The electrical torque of turbines rises to meet the demand, whereas the...
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Generation of Three-Phase Voltage01:21

Generation of Three-Phase Voltage

531
A three-phase AC generator has a rotor with a rotating magnet placed within the stator mounted with the stationary three-phase winding to generate three-phase voltages via mutual induction. These windings are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the stator and are arranged 120 electrical degrees apart. Three-phase stator windings consist of three separate coils or groups of coils, known as phases, each connected in Y (star) configuration or Delta configuration.
As the rotor...
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Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line01:27

Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line

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Based on Bernoulli's equation, the energy line (EL) and hydraulic grade line (HGL) provide graphical representations of energy distribution in a fluid flow system. For steady, incompressible, inviscid flows, Bernoulli's equation is expressed as:
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Net Torque Calculations01:19

Net Torque Calculations

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When a mechanic tries to remove a hex nut with a wrench, it is easier if the force is applied at the farthest end of the wrench handle. The lever arm is the distance from the pivot point (the hex nut in this case) to the person’s hand. If this distance is large, the torque is higher. Only the component of the force perpendicular to the lever arm contributes to the torque. Therefore, pushing the wrench perpendicular to the lever arm is more advantageous. If multiple people apply force to...
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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing
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Global offshore wind turbine dataset.

Ting Zhang1, Bo Tian2, Dhritiraj Sengupta1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China.

Scientific Data
|July 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new global database maps offshore wind turbines (OWTs) using satellite radar. This resource tracks OWTs from 2015-2019, aiding clean energy research and marine planning.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Remote sensing
  • Renewable energy

Background:

  • Offshore wind farms are crucial for clean energy, but data on turbine locations is often incomplete globally.
  • Understanding the spatial distribution of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) is vital for assessing environmental impacts and planning.
  • Existing datasets lack detailed information on individual turbine locations and construction timelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive global database of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) using remote sensing data.
  • To map the spatiotemporal distribution of OWTs from 2015 to 2019.
  • To provide a valuable resource for environmental impact studies and marine spatial planning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) time-series images from 2015-2019.
  • Developed a percentile-based yearly SAR image reduction and autoadaptive threshold algorithm on the Google Earth Engine platform.
  • Identified and mapped the spatiotemporal distribution of global OWTs.

Main Results:

  • Constructed a global remote sensing-based offshore wind turbine (OWT) database.
  • By 2019, identified 6,924 wind turbines across 14 coastal nations.
  • Achieved extraction accuracies exceeding 99% through rigorous algorithm performance analysis and validation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed OWT database offers unprecedented global coverage and accuracy.
  • This dataset will enhance understanding of offshore wind farm environmental impacts.
  • Supports effective marine spatial planning for sustainable offshore energy development.