A Pictorial Review on Reversible Splenial Lesions.

Area of Science:

• Neuroradiology
• Neuroimaging
• Neuropathology

Background:

• The splenium of the corpus callosum is susceptible to diverse pathologies, leading to reversible or irreversible damage.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for assessing splenium abnormalities.
• Despite varied etiologies, MRI findings in splenium pathologies often overlap.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review reversible causes of diffusion restriction in the splenium of the corpus callosum.
• To elucidate the etiopathologic mechanisms underlying these reversible conditions.
• To correlate MRI findings with clinical and laboratory data for diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of reversible splenium diffusion restriction.
• Analysis of MRI characteristics associated with specific etiologies.
• Correlation of imaging findings with clinical presentations and diagnostic tests.

Main Results:

• Identified common reversible causes of splenium diffusion restriction.
• Detailed the underlying physiopathologic mechanisms for each cause.
• Highlighted characteristic MRI features differentiating these conditions.

Conclusions:

• Reversible splenium diffusion restriction can be caused by a range of conditions.
• Understanding specific MRI findings and clinical context is key for accurate diagnosis.
• Appropriate management strategies depend on the definitive etiologic diagnosis.