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Related Concept Videos

Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

7.9K
The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
7.9K
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

92
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
92
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

87
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
87
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

105
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
105
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

58
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
58
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

87
IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
87

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves
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Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves

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Valve in Valve in Valve.

Brian J Grondahl1, Gaurav Dhar1

  • 1Edward W. Sparrow Hospital/Thoracic and Cardiovascular Institute, Lansing, Michigan.

JACC. Case Reports
|July 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Severe aortic stenosis in a patient with prior valve replacements was successfully treated with a new transcatheter aortic valve implantation. The procedure yielded excellent symptomatic and hemodynamic outcomes, demonstrating a viable treatment option.

Keywords:
TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantationaortic stenosistranscatheter aortic valve implantationvalve disease

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In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Related Experiment Videos

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Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves
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Culturing Mouse Cardiac Valves in the Miniature Tissue Culture System
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In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Aortic stenosis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality.
  • Management of severe aortic stenosis after prior aortic valve interventions presents unique challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of severe symptomatic aortic stenosis in a patient with a history of surgical aortic valve replacement and transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of repeat transcatheter aortic valve implantation in such complex cases.

Main Methods:

  • A 23-mm CoreValve Evolut transcatheter heart valve was implanted in a female patient.
  • The patient had a history of prior surgical aortic valve replacement and a previous transcatheter aortic valve implantation 6 years earlier.

Main Results:

  • The implantation of the 23-mm CoreValve Evolut resulted in excellent symptomatic improvement for the patient.
  • Hemodynamic parameters post-procedure were also excellent, indicating successful valve function.

Conclusions:

  • Repeat transcatheter aortic valve implantation can be a successful treatment option for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis and prior valve interventions.
  • This case highlights the feasibility of using advanced transcatheter aortic valve technologies in complex, re-intervention scenarios.