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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Introduction Cardiac Emergencies01:30

Introduction Cardiac Emergencies

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Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
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The Cardiac Cycle01:13

The Cardiac Cycle

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The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
The Process
Electrical signals—sent from the sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrial wall to the atrioventricular (AV) node between the right atrium and right ventricle—cause both atria to simultaneously contract. When the signal reaches the AV node, it pauses for approximately a tenth of a second, allowing the atria to contract and...
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Heart Sounds01:15

Heart Sounds

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Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V)...
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Increased pulse rate01:17

Increased pulse rate

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Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...
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Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

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The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine
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Commotio Cordis: Indeed?

Roi Westreich1, Moti Haim1, Sergiy Bereza1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

JACC. Case Reports
|July 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Commotio cordis survivors require further cardiac investigation, even if the initial event appears benign. Atypical commotio cordis may indicate underlying heart disease, necessitating prompt diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
CMR, cardiac magnetic resonanceEPS, electrophysiological studyICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillatorLGE, late gadolinium enhancementLV, left ventricularVF, ventricular fibrillationVT, ventricular tachycardiacommotio cordiselectrophysiological studyimplantable cardioverter-defibrillatorventricular tachycardia

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Commotio cordis, a sudden cardiac arrest caused by blunt chest impact, is often considered survivable without long-term sequelae.
  • However, the potential for delayed cardiac complications following such an event remains an area of clinical interest.

Observation:

  • A patient initially diagnosed with commotio cordis presented months later with spontaneous wide-complex tachycardia.
  • This recurrence suggested an underlying cardiac pathology not evident during the initial presentation.

Findings:

  • The case demonstrates that commotio cordis, particularly atypical presentations, can mask or trigger underlying cardiac conditions.
  • Wide-complex tachycardia in commotio cordis survivors warrants thorough cardiac evaluation.

Implications:

  • Survivors of commotio cordis, especially those with unusual presentations, necessitate comprehensive cardiac assessment to rule out underlying structural or electrical heart disease.
  • This approach is crucial for preventing sudden cardiac death and optimizing patient management.