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Related Concept Videos

Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
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Thyrotropin, Hyperthyroidism, and Bone Mass.

Se-Min Kim1, Vitaly Ryu1, Sari Miyashita1

  • 1The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, and Center of Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|July 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thyrotropin (TSH) influences bone remodeling, with low levels increasing bone breakdown and decreasing bone formation. Its effects on bone are complex and may depend on dosage and frequency, impacting skeletal health.

Keywords:
bone remodelingosteoporosisthyrotropinthyroxine

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology
  • Skeletal Physiology

Background:

  • Thyrotropin (TSH) traditionally regulates thyroid function but also impacts skeletal remodeling.
  • Observational and genetic studies suggest a link between TSH levels and bone mass.
  • Previous research indicates TSH may have an anti-osteoclastic effect.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the independent role of TSH in skeletal remodeling.
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying TSH's effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
  • To examine the dose and frequency dependency of TSH's skeletal actions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of genetically modified mouse models with disrupted TSH-thyroid hormone relationships.
  • In vitro studies using bone marrow-derived primary osteoblast and macrophage cultures.
  • In vivo studies involving recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) administration.

Main Results:

  • TSH deficiency in mice leads to increased osteoclastogenesis, partly mediated by tumor necrosis factor α.
  • Low TSH levels were associated with decreased osteoblastogenesis.
  • Intermittent rhTSH administration showed a proanabolic effect on bone, suggesting dose-dependency.

Conclusions:

  • TSH plays a significant, independent role in skeletal remodeling.
  • TSH influences both bone resorption and formation, with complex, potentially dose-dependent effects.
  • Further research into TSHβ variants and their interactions is needed to understand bone disease.