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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Manipulating the exposome to enable better ageing.

Paul G Shiels1, Johanna Painer2, Barbara Natterson-Horowitz3

  • 1Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, U.K.

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|July 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The exposome, encompassing life exposures, impacts aging. A biomimetic approach, inspired by evolution, can enhance health span by leveraging Nrf 2 gene activity and

Keywords:
Nrf2ageingallostatic loadbiomimeticsexposomemicrobiome

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Environmental Health
  • Biomimetics

Background:

  • Life course exposures constitute the exposome, significantly influencing age-related health.
  • The interplay between the exposome and the (epi)genome provides insights into aging and allostatic load.
  • Current medical science often lacks a connection to broader natural science approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a biomimetic approach to understand and mitigate age-related health issues.
  • To explore how evolutionary adaptations in other species can inform human health.
  • To bridge mechanistic medical science with natural sciences for improved health span.

Main Methods:

  • Developing a biomimetic strategy inspired by evolutionary solutions to aging.
  • Investigating the role of Nrf 2 gene activation in promoting health span.
  • Integrating the 'Food as Medicine' concept, microbiome modulation, and salutogenic environments.

Main Results:

  • The proposed approach highlights Nrf 2 gene activity as a key target for enhancing health span.
  • Reintroducing 'Food as Medicine' principles, including microbiome modulation, is crucial.
  • Creating salutogenic and biophilic environments contributes to healthier aging.

Conclusions:

  • A biomimetic, evolution-inspired approach can mitigate the global burden of age-related diseases.
  • Leveraging Nrf 2, 'Food as Medicine,' and environmental factors can enhance health span.
  • This integrated strategy aligns with novel senotherapies for comprehensive age-related health management.