Role of ICAM-1 in impaired retinal circulation in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Harumasa Yokota1, Taiji Nagaoka2, Hidetaka Noma3
1Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-Kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan. atokoy18@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Many studies have demonstrated that rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) leads to impaired retinal circulation. However, the involvement of inflammation in the RRD-induced worsening of retinal circulation was obscure. This retrospective observational study included 150 patients with primary RRD (macula-on, n = 63; macula-off, n = 87) who underwent 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery (25G MIVS). Total retinal blood flow was represented by the mean blur rate (MBR) of the optic nerve head vessel, measured by laser speckle flowgraphy preoperatively and until 6 months postoperatively. Aqueous humor samples were obtained during surgery to determine cytokine concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. At 3 and 6 months postoperatively, there were no significant differences between eyes with macula-on RRD and fellow eyes. However, in macula-off RRD, MBR remained significantly lower in RRD eyes 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). Log-transformed levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were negatively correlated with relative MBR (r-MBR, RRD eye/fellow eye) before surgery (r = - 0.47, P = 0.01) in macula-on, but not macula-off, RRD. Six months postoperatively, r-MBR correlated significantly with sICAM-1 levels (r = - 0.36, P = 0.02) in macula-off RRD. ICAM-1 may play a role in RRD-induced deterioration of retinal circulation.
Insights
Inflammation, specifically ICAM-1, may worsen retinal circulation after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Macula-off RRD eyes showed persistently reduced blood flow six months post-surgery.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Retinal circulation
- Inflammation
Background:
- Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is known to impair retinal circulation.
- The role of inflammation in this circulatory impairment remained unclear.
- Understanding this link is crucial for managing RRD complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the involvement of inflammation in RRD-induced retinal circulatory impairment.
- To assess changes in retinal blood flow and inflammatory markers after RRD surgery.
- To explore the correlation between specific cytokines and retinal blood flow in RRD patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of 150 primary RRD patients undergoing 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery (25G MIVS).
- Retinal blood flow measured by mean blur rate (MBR) using laser speckle flowgraphy preoperatively and up to 6 months postoperatively.
- Aqueous humor cytokine concentrations analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Main Results:
- No significant differences in MBR between macula-on RRD eyes and fellow eyes at 3 or 6 months postoperatively.
- Macula-off RRD eyes exhibited significantly lower MBR at 6 months postoperatively compared to fellow eyes.
- Preoperative soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels negatively correlated with relative MBR in macula-on RRD.
- Postoperative r-MBR significantly correlated with sICAM-1 levels in macula-off RRD eyes.
Conclusions:
- ICAM-1 may contribute to the deterioration of retinal circulation following RRD.
- Persistent reduction in retinal blood flow is observed in macula-off RRD even 6 months post-surgery.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of inflammation-induced circulatory changes in RRD.
