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Systemic Inflammation and Microbial Translocation Are Characteristic Features of SARS-CoV-2-Related Multisystem

Nathella Pavan Kumar1, Aishwarya Venkataraman1,2, Luke Elizabeth Hanna1

  • 1ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai,India.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|July 29, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) involves heightened inflammation and microbial translocation markers. These markers help distinguish MIS-C and COVID-19 from other SARS-CoV-2 infections in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • The detailed inflammatory mechanisms underlying MIS-C remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of systemic inflammation and microbial translocation markers in children with MIS-C.
  • To compare these markers in children with MIS-C, acute COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity, and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma levels of acute phase proteins (e.g., CRP, α2M, SAP, Hp) and microbial translocation markers (e.g., LPS, sCD14, LBP) were measured.
  • Statistical analyses and principal component analysis were employed to differentiate between groups.

Main Results:

  • Children with MIS-C showed significantly elevated levels of CRP, α2M, SAP, LPS, sCD14, and LBP, and lower Hp levels compared to other groups.
  • COVID-19 children also had higher marker levels than seropositive and control children.
  • Principal component analysis effectively distinguished MIS-C and COVID-19 cases from seropositive and control children.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic inflammation and microbial translocation are key features differentiating MIS-C and COVID-19 in children.
  • These findings enhance understanding of the pathogenesis of diverse SARS-CoV-2 presentations in pediatric populations.
Keywords:
COVID-19MIS-Cacute phase proteinsbiomarkersmicrobial translocationseropositive

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