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Related Concept Videos

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
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Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

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In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400...
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Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

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A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Energy Dispersive X-ray Tomography for 3D Elemental Mapping of Individual Nanoparticles
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Visualizing Trace Pollutants in Solids at Nanoscale via Electron Tomography.

Chenliu Tang1, Lan Ling1, Wei-Xian Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.

Environmental Science & Technology
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Electron tomography offers a 3D view of trace pollutants like toxic metals and viruses in environmental solids. This advanced technique aids in understanding contaminant behavior and developing mitigation technologies.

Keywords:
electron tomographytoxicology assessmenttrace pollutantsvirus environmental behavior

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Visualizing trace pollutants in environmental solids (soils, sediments, aerosols, water particles) is a significant scientific challenge.
  • Understanding contaminant distribution and transformation is crucial for environmental protection and public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the progress and indispensable role of electron tomography in visualizing environmental pollutants.
  • To demonstrate the application of electron tomography in contaminant distribution, transformation, and toxicology assessment.

Main Methods:

  • State-of-the-art electron tomography techniques are employed.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) visualization of pollutants at various environmental interfaces (e.g., water-minerals).

Main Results:

  • Electron tomography provides unprecedented 3D insights into contaminant distribution and transformation.
  • The technique is effective for environmental pollutants, including toxic metals and viruses, in heterogeneous media.

Conclusions:

  • Three-dimensional characterization of pollutants significantly enhances understanding of complex environmental issues.
  • Electron tomography supports the development of vital mitigation technologies for air, water, and virus disinfection.