Retraction: Rubral modulation of breathing
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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
Published on: January 10, 2013
Abstract:
Retraction: [Ghali, M., 2019. Rubral modulation of breathing. Experimental Physiology, 104(11), pp.1595-1604.] The above article from Experimental Physiology has been retracted by agreement between the journal's Editor-in-Chief Mike Tipton, and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The article was published in 2019 in Volume 104 Issue 11 pages 1595-1604 (doi: 10.1113/EP087720), available on www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com. The author, Michael George Zaki Ghali, could not be reached to approve or comment on this retraction. The retraction has been agreed because the author was found to have falsely listed his affiliation details at the time of submission of the manuscript. REFERENCE Ghali, MGZ. (2019). Rubral modulation of breathing. Experimental Physiology, 104, 1595-1604. https://doi.org/10.1113/EP087720.
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