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Conformational Features of Ras: Key Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions of Gln61 in the Intermediate State during GTP
Juan Zeng1, Jingwei Weng2, Yuwei Zhang3
1School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
Abstract:
The Ras protein is one of the most important drug targets for battling cancers. To effectively design novel drugs of Ras, we characterize here its conformational ensembles for the hydrolysis intermediate state RasGDP·Pi and the product state RasGDP by extensive replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations. Several substates for RasGDP·Pi have been identified, while structural analyses have revealed an unrecognized hydrogen-bonding network that stabilizes the hydrolysis intermediate state. More interestingly, Gln61, which is involved in numerous oncogenic mutations, was found to be engaged in this hydrogen-bonding network, adopting a specific conformation that always points to Pi in contrast to that in the RasGTP state. The simulations also reveal that RasGDP has more than one substate, suggesting a conformational selection mechanism for the interaction between Ras and the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). These findings offer new opportunities for the drug design of Ras by stabilizing the hydrolysis intermediate or disrupting its interaction with the GEFs.
Insights
Novel drug design for Ras cancer targets is advanced by characterizing RasGDP·Pi and RasGDP states. Unrecognized hydrogen bonds stabilize the intermediate, offering new therapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Ras protein is a critical target for cancer drug development.
- Understanding Ras conformational states is key for designing effective therapeutics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the conformational ensembles of RasGDP·Pi and RasGDP.
- To identify novel stabilization or disruption strategies for Ras-targeted cancer therapies.
Main Methods:
- Extensive replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations were employed.
- Structural analyses identified key hydrogen-bonding networks and conformational substates.
Main Results:
- Several substates for the RasGDP·Pi hydrolysis intermediate were identified.
- An unrecognized hydrogen-bonding network was discovered, stabilizing the RasGDP·Pi state.
- Gln61, implicated in oncogenic mutations, adopts a specific conformation in RasGDP·Pi.
- RasGDP exhibits multiple substates, suggesting a conformational selection mechanism for GEF interactions.
Conclusions:
- Findings provide new opportunities for Ras-targeted cancer drug design.
- Strategies include stabilizing the RasGDP·Pi intermediate or disrupting Ras-GEF interactions.
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