Conformational Features of Ras: Key Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions of Gln61 in the Intermediate State during GTP

Juan Zeng1, Jingwei Weng2, Yuwei Zhang3

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.

Insights

Novel drug design for Ras cancer targets is advanced by characterizing RasGDP·Pi and RasGDP states. Unrecognized hydrogen bonds stabilize the intermediate, offering new therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ras protein is a critical target for cancer drug development.
  • Understanding Ras conformational states is key for designing effective therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the conformational ensembles of RasGDP·Pi and RasGDP.
  • To identify novel stabilization or disruption strategies for Ras-targeted cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations were employed.
  • Structural analyses identified key hydrogen-bonding networks and conformational substates.

Main Results:

  • Several substates for the RasGDP·Pi hydrolysis intermediate were identified.
  • An unrecognized hydrogen-bonding network was discovered, stabilizing the RasGDP·Pi state.
  • Gln61, implicated in oncogenic mutations, adopts a specific conformation in RasGDP·Pi.
  • RasGDP exhibits multiple substates, suggesting a conformational selection mechanism for GEF interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Findings provide new opportunities for Ras-targeted cancer drug design.
  • Strategies include stabilizing the RasGDP·Pi intermediate or disrupting Ras-GEF interactions.

Related Concept Videos

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho01:24

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho

Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
4.5K
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
9.2K
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

2.5K
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins01:22

Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins

Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
8.1K
Rab Proteins01:14

Rab Proteins

Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
4.4K