Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sample Size Calculation01:19

Sample Size Calculation

5.0K
Knowledge of the sample size is the first requirement to conduct random sampling or an experiment. The sample size is the total number of units, observations, or groups (in some cases) used to get the data to estimate a population parameter. As the name suggests, the sample size is that of the sample drawn from the population and differs from the population size.
The sample size for the given experiment or sampling effort is fundamental to any study design. Sample size decides the number of...
5.0K
One-Way ANOVA: Equal Sample Sizes01:15

One-Way ANOVA: Equal Sample Sizes

3.6K
One-Way ANOVA can be performed on three or more samples with equal or unequal sample sizes. When one-way ANOVA is performed on two datasets with samples of equal sizes, it can be easily observed that the computed F statistic is highly sensitive to the sample mean.
Different sample means can result in different values for the variance estimate: variance between samples. This is because the variance between samples is calculated as the product of the sample size and the variance between the...
3.6K
Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test II01:17

Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test II

357
The Wald-Wolfowitz runs test, commonly referred to as the runs test, is a nonparametric test used to assess the randomness of ordered data. The test evaluates the number of runs, which are consecutive sequences of similar elements within the data. If the number of runs is significantly higher or lower than expected, the data is considered non-random, indicating a detectable pattern or structure.
For binary data, runs are identified using symbols such as + and −, or equivalently, 1s and...
357
One-Way ANOVA: Unequal Sample Sizes01:15

One-Way ANOVA: Unequal Sample Sizes

6.1K
One-way ANOVA can be performed on three or more samples of unequal sizes. However, calculations get complicated when sample sizes are not always the same. So, while performing ANOVA with unequal samples size, the following equation is used:
6.1K
Statistical Methods to Analyze Parametric Data: ANOVA01:12

Statistical Methods to Analyze Parametric Data: ANOVA

893
Analysis of Variance, or ANOVA, is a powerful statistical technique used to analyze parametric data, primarily in research and experimental studies. It's designed to compare the means of two or more groups, assisting researchers in identifying any significant differences between these group means. There are two main types of ANOVA based on the complexity of the analysis: one-way and two-way.
One-way ANOVA is applied when a single independent variable or factor is scrutinized. It compares...
893
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.9K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fibrinogen concentrates versus cryoprecipitate for intraoperative hypofibrinogenemia in liver transplantation: study protocol for a randomized trial (FIBCRYO-LT trial).

Trials·2026
Same author

Red ginseng-derived components attenuate UVB-induced keratinocyte senescence via senomorphic mechanisms.

Journal of ginseng research·2026
Same author

Effects of a Lidocaine-Loaded Alginate/CMC/PEO Electrospun Nanofiber Film on Postoperative Pain and Peritoneal Adhesion in a Rat Model.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2026
Same author

Interpreting relative risks and odds ratios after propensity score matching: practical guidance for clinical research.

Korean journal of anesthesiology·2026
Same author

Hemodynamic stability with remimazolam versus propofol during anesthesia induction in hypertensive patients: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Korean journal of anesthesiology·2026
Same author

Airway warming devices in the context of single and multimodal strategies for intraoperative hypothermia: a network meta-analysis.

Systematic reviews·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Impact of Reduced Resistance Exercise Volume on Metabolic Health
06:13

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Impact of Reduced Resistance Exercise Volume on Metabolic Health

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.4K

Sample size determination and power analysis using the G*Power software.

Hyun Kang1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions
|July 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calculating appropriate sample sizes is crucial for research. This guide explains sample size calculation and power analysis using the free G*Power software, offering practical examples for researchers.

Keywords:
BiometryCorrelation of dataResearch personnelSample sizeSoftware

More Related Videos

Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion
07:34

Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion

Published on: March 1, 2019

12.0K
Author Spotlight: Advancing CBCT and Digital Dental Image Integration with AI-Assisted Digitization
05:49

Author Spotlight: Advancing CBCT and Digital Dental Image Integration with AI-Assisted Digitization

Published on: February 23, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Impact of Reduced Resistance Exercise Volume on Metabolic Health
06:13

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Impact of Reduced Resistance Exercise Volume on Metabolic Health

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.4K
Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion
07:34

Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion

Published on: March 1, 2019

12.0K
Author Spotlight: Advancing CBCT and Digital Dental Image Integration with AI-Assisted Digitization
05:49

Author Spotlight: Advancing CBCT and Digital Dental Image Integration with AI-Assisted Digitization

Published on: February 23, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Statistics
  • Research Methodology

Background:

  • Accurate sample size calculation and power analysis are critical for research integrity and publication.
  • Challenges include statistical complexity, limited programming skills, and costly commercial software.
  • These factors hinder researchers in determining appropriate sample sizes and statistical power.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demystify sample size calculation and power analysis concepts.
  • To outline the sample estimation process.
  • To provide a practical guide for using G*Power software for these calculations with examples.

Main Methods:

  • The review explains fundamental statistical concepts: null/alternative hypotheses, effect size, power, alpha, and type I/II errors.
  • It details the sample estimation process: defining goals, selecting tests, choosing power analysis methods, inputting data, and calculating.
  • G*Power software (ver. 3.1.9.7) is used to demonstrate calculations for F, t, χ2, Z, and exact tests.

Main Results:

  • G*Power is identified as a user-friendly and free tool for sample size and power calculations.
  • The software supports a wide range of statistical tests, making it versatile for different research designs.
  • Practical examples illustrate the application of G*Power for various statistical methods.

Conclusions:

  • G*Power software is a valuable, accessible resource for researchers needing to perform sample size and power analyses.
  • Its ease of use and cost-effectiveness address common barriers faced by researchers.
  • Effective use of G*Power enhances the rigor and reliability of research findings.