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Sulfonamide-Functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles for Enhanced In Vivo Colorectal Cancer Therapy.

Pedro Pires Goulart Guimarães1, Celso Tarso Rodrigues Viana1, Luciana Pereira2

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New nanoparticles loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) show promise for treating colorectal cancer (CRC). These 5-FU-SUL-PLGA nanoparticles effectively reduced tumor growth and toxicity, offering a potential improvement over conventional 5-FU treatments.

Keywords:
PLGAcancer therapycolorectal cancerdrug deliverypolymeric nanoparticlessulfonamide

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomedicine
  • Oncology
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern, ranking as the third most common cancer worldwide.
  • 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a standard chemotherapy agent for CRC, but its efficacy is hampered by drug resistance and significant systemic toxicities, including hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate novel nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for enhanced colorectal cancer treatment.
  • To investigate the potential of 5-FU loaded sulfadiazine-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (5-FU-SUL-PLGA NPs) in overcoming 5-FU resistance and toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation and characterization of 5-FU-SUL-PLGA nanoparticles.
  • Assessment of the in vivo antitumor efficacy of 5-FU-SUL-PLGA NPs in a colon cancer xenograft model.
  • Evaluation of the impact of 5-FU-SUL-PLGA NPs on tumor vascularization and systemic toxicity.

Main Results:

  • 5-FU-SUL-PLGA NPs significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo compared to free 5-FU and non-targeted NPs.
  • Treatment with 5-FU-SUL-PLGA NPs led to increased blood vessel diameters within tumors, potentially enhancing antitumor effects.
  • 5-FU-SUL-PLGA NPs demonstrated reduced liver and lung masses and decreased hepatotoxicity compared to free 5-FU and non-targeted NPs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 5-FU-SUL-PLGA nanoparticles represent a promising strategy for improving 5-FU efficacy in colorectal cancer treatment.
  • This nanomedicine approach offers a potential solution to overcome the limitations of conventional 5-FU therapy, including resistance and systemic toxicity.