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Qubit spin ice.

Andrew D King1, Cristiano Nisoli2, Edward D Dahl3,4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers engineered artificial spin ice using superconducting qubits, observing quantum and thermal fluctuations. They controlled a Coulomb phase and demonstrated Gauss

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Artificial spin ice systems are engineered frustrated magnets exhibiting emergent phenomena.
  • Conventional artificial spin ice relies on classical magnetic interactions.
  • Quantum effects and thermal fluctuations can introduce novel behaviors in such systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To realize and characterize artificial spin ice in a lattice of superconducting qubits.
  • To investigate the role of quantum and thermal fluctuations in a qubit-based spin ice.
  • To demonstrate control over emergent phenomena, including a Coulomb phase and magnetic monopoles.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a superconducting qubit lattice designed to mimic spin ice.
  • Utilizing quantum and thermal fluctuations to disorder the system.
  • Precise qubit control to manipulate spin states and probe emergent properties.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created a disordered artificial spin ice system using superconducting qubits.
  • Observed a ground state consistent with the classical ice rule, modified by fluctuations.
  • Achieved control over a fragile degeneracy point, inducing a Coulomb phase.
  • Demonstrated Gauss's law for emergent magnetic monopoles by pinning individual spins.

Conclusions:

  • Superconducting qubits provide a tunable platform for realizing and studying artificial spin ice.
  • The system exhibits controllable emergent phenomena, including a Coulomb phase and effective monopoles.
  • This work paves the way for exploring quantum spin liquids and topological phenomena in engineered systems.