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Related Concept Videos

Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

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Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
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Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

947
Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

87
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

193
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
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Kidney failure in Samoa.

Malama Tafuna'i1,2, Ben Matalavea1, David Voss3

  • 1National Kidney Foundation of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.

The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific
|July 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kidney failure is a significant health issue in Samoa, with high rates of haemodialysis. Diabetic nephropathy is the primary cause, highlighting the urgent need for prevention strategies and improved care for chronic kidney disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure are leading causes of death in some Pacific Island nations.
  • Kidney replacement therapy is scarce in the Pacific Region.
  • This study focuses on the epidemiology of haemodialysis patients in Samoa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the epidemiology of haemodialysis patients in Samoa.
  • To estimate incidence and prevalence rates of kidney failure.
  • To explore demographic features of kidney failure in Samoa.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of registry data from the National Kidney Foundation of Samoa.
  • Estimation of kidney failure incidence and prevalence based on haemodialysis rates.
  • Exploration of demographic characteristics of patients undergoing haemodialysis.

Main Results:

  • 393 patients received long-term haemodialysis from 2005 to 2019.
  • The mean age of patients was 54.9 years, with 43% being women.
  • Crude incidence rate: 224/million population; crude prevalence: 629/million population.
  • Diabetic nephropathy caused 69.4% of kidney failure cases.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first epidemiological report on haemodialysis patients in Samoa.
  • There is an urgent need for further research on CKD extent in Samoa.
  • Development of country-specific prevention strategies and optimized care for kidney failure is crucial.