Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata02:04

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

29.5K
During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
29.5K
Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores02:26

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

28.1K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
28.1K
C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

47.2K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
47.2K
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

5.8K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.8K
Introduction to Plant Diversity02:22

Introduction to Plant Diversity

46.9K
From Water to Land
46.9K
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss01:57

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

27.0K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
27.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Identification of <i>HsfB</i> Family in Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogea</i>) and Role of <i>AhHsfB1-5A</i> in High-Temperature Stress.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Jasmonate, salicylate, and ethylene-responsive transcriptomics discovery in spikelets of three wheat genotypes reveals a rapid and conserved response for jasmonate signaling.

Plant signaling & behavior·2026
Same author

LURP1, a SARD1-regulated protein, coordinates with the helper NLR ADR1 to promote plant immunity.

The New phytologist·2026
Same author

AtAUGs Suppress the Expression of PP2C Genes to Redundantly Regulate ABA Responses in Arabidopsis.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Genome-Wide Analysis of the DUF1664 Family Genes in Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>) and Functional Validation of <i>AhDUF1664-1A</i>.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Interpreting the ubiquitin signal: Deubiquitinating enzymes in cancer and disease.

Pathology, research and practice·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

1.9K

Duplicated antagonistic EPF peptides optimize grass stomatal initiation.

Raman Jangra1, Sabrina C Brunetti1, Xutong Wang1,2

  • 1Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|July 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR (EPF) peptides in wheat and Brachypodium that regulate stomatal development. These findings reveal conserved mechanisms for controlling stomatal patterns and offer strategies for improving crop yield by optimizing stomatal density.

Keywords:
BrachypodiumEPF peptidesGrassStomatal development

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
11:31

Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

1.3K
A Strategy to Validate the Role of Callose-mediated Plasmodesmal Gating in the Tropic Response
12:18

A Strategy to Validate the Role of Callose-mediated Plasmodesmal Gating in the Tropic Response

Published on: April 17, 2016

10.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

1.9K
Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
11:31

Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

1.3K
A Strategy to Validate the Role of Callose-mediated Plasmodesmal Gating in the Tropic Response
12:18

A Strategy to Validate the Role of Callose-mediated Plasmodesmal Gating in the Tropic Response

Published on: April 17, 2016

10.4K

Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Peptide signaling regulates plant growth and development, including stomatal patterning, which is vital for plant productivity.
  • While EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR (EPF) signaling is understood in Arabidopsis, its role in grass stomatal development is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize EPF peptide ligands involved in stomatal development in grasses.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which EPF peptides regulate stomatal patterning in wheat and Brachypodium.
  • To explore the potential of using these peptides for crop improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression patterns.
  • Creation and study of overexpression transgenic plants.
  • Cross-species complementation experiments.
  • Application of bioactive peptides to study their effects on stomatal development.

Main Results:

  • Identified wheat and Brachypodium orthologs of Arabidopsis EPF2 and STOMAGEN peptides.
  • Exogenous application of BdEPF2 inhibited stomatal initiation in Brachypodium.
  • BdSTOMAGEN peptide antagonized EPF peptide activity in a dose-dependent manner, promoting stomatal development.

Conclusions:

  • Conserved EPF peptides play crucial roles in regulating diverse stomatal patterns across plant species.
  • EPF and STOMAGEN peptides act antagonistically to control grass stomatal development.
  • These findings suggest novel strategies for enhancing crop yield by manipulating stomatal density using plant-derived peptides.