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Considering landscape-level processes in ecosystem service assessments.

Jean Paul Metzger1, Jaramar Villarreal-Rosas2, Andrés F Suárez-Castro3

  • 1Department of Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, travessa 14, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

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Summary

Landscape structure significantly impacts ecosystem services, but current assessments often overlook crucial processes like configuration. Incorporating these landscape effects leads to more accurate spatial estimates of ecosystem service provision.

Keywords:
Ecosystem service demandEcosystem service flowsEcosystem service supplyLandscape composition and configurationLandscape sustainabilitySpatial explicit models

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Spatial Analysis

Background:

  • Ecosystem service provision is fundamentally spatial, influenced by landscape structure through processes like fragmentation and connectivity.
  • Current spatial ecosystem service assessments rarely integrate landscape-level processes comprehensively, often focusing only on composition and neglecting configuration effects.
  • Most studies assess only ecosystem service supply, omitting demand and the crucial flows between them.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a conceptual framework for integrating landscape-level processes into ecosystem service assessments, including supply, demand, and flows.
  • To evaluate how considering landscape processes alters ecosystem service provision estimates using simulations.
  • To highlight the implications of ignoring landscape effects in ecosystem service research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review to identify current practices in spatial ecosystem service assessment.
  • Development of a conceptual framework for incorporating landscape processes.
  • Simulation modeling to assess the impact of landscape processes on ecosystem service provision estimates.

Main Results:

  • Landscape-level processes, particularly configuration effects, are underrepresented in current ecosystem service assessments.
  • Simulations demonstrate that neglecting landscape processes can significantly alter estimations of ecosystem service provision.
  • Ignoring landscape effects leads to less accurate and spatially imprecise assessments of ecosystem services.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive integration of landscape processes (composition and configuration) is essential for accurate ecosystem service assessment.
  • Addressing challenges in mapping supply/demand, defining scales, measuring flows, and parameterizing models is crucial for framework implementation.
  • Improved incorporation of landscape processes will enhance the quantitative accuracy and spatial precision of ecosystem service estimates, aiding management and use.