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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Fiber Optics
    • Nonlinear Optics

    Background:

    • Graded-index multimode fibers (GIMF) are crucial for optical signal transmission.
    • Geometric parametric instability (GPI) is a phenomenon that can generate new frequencies in optical fibers.
    • Characterizing the spectral and spatial properties of light generated through GPI is essential for understanding and controlling nonlinear optical processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel spatial-spectral mapping technique for analyzing light in GIMF.
    • To visualize the detailed beam shape of a sideband generated by GPI in a GIMF.
    • To characterize the spectral broadening of a GPI-generated sideband into a supercontinuum.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a spatial-spectral mapping technique with sub-nanometric spectral resolution.
    • Application of the technique to visualize the beam structure of a 1870 nm GPI sideband in a GIMF.
    • Amplification of the GPI sideband using a thulium-doped fiber amplifier.
    • Spectral broadening of the amplified sideband in an InF3 optical fiber to generate a supercontinuum.

    Main Results:

    • Successful measurement of beam intensity at the GIMF output with sub-nanometric spectral resolution.
    • Visualization of the fine structure of the GPI-generated sideband beam shape.
    • Generation of a microjoule-scale picosecond pump from the GPI sideband.
    • Creation of a supercontinuum spanning from 1.7 to 3.4 µm.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed spatial-spectral mapping technique provides unprecedented detail in analyzing light in GIMF.
    • The technique enables detailed visualization of nonlinear phenomena like GPI sidebands.
    • The study demonstrates a pathway to generate broadband supercontinuum light from GPI sidebands in multimode fibers.