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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Vortex Beam Applications

    Background:

    • The rotational Doppler effect is a phenomenon where the frequency of light changes due to the rotation of an object.
    • Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian beams are fundamental tools in optical research and applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the rotational Doppler effect generated by a rotating rod illuminated by a Gaussian laser beam.
    • To analyze the frequency shifts in different Laguerre-Gaussian modes of the transmitted light.

    Main Methods:

    • Illuminating a rotating rod with a fundamental Gaussian laser beam.
    • Decomposing the transmitted light into Laguerre-Gaussian modes.
    • Measuring the frequency shifts associated with these modes.

    Main Results:

    • Observed frequency shifts in Laguerre-Gaussian modes, primarily those with matching rotational symmetry to the rod.
    • Quantified the frequency shifts as directly proportional to the topological charge and the object's rotational frequency.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates a clear link between light's frequency shifts and an object's rotation using Laguerre-Gaussian mode decomposition.
    • The findings suggest potential for novel applications in optical sensing, particularly for pattern recognition and rotation identification.