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Single-direction diffusion-weighted imaging may be a simple complementary sequence for evaluating fetal corpus

Cong Sun1, Xinjuan Zhang2, Xin Chen2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.

European Radiology
|July 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-direction diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) effectively displays the fetal corpus callosum (CC), offering improved visibility and contrast. This technique enhances diagnostic accuracy for agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) when combined with other MRI sequences.

Keywords:
Corpus callosumDiffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)Fetus

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Area of Science:

  • Fetal MRI
  • Neuroimaging
  • Diagnostic imaging techniques

Background:

  • Assessing the fetal corpus callosum (CC) is crucial for diagnosing developmental abnormalities.
  • Conventional MRI sequences like HASTE and TrueFISP have limitations in visualizing the fetal CC.
  • Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a significant congenital brain malformation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of single-direction diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for fetal CC assessment.
  • To compare the efficacy of single-direction DWI with standard MRI sequences (HASTE, TrueFISP) for CC visualization.
  • To determine the diagnostic accuracy of single-direction DWI in identifying fetal CC abnormalities, particularly ACC.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 67 fetuses with normal CC and 35 suspected of ACC.
  • MR imaging included HASTE, TrueFISP, and single-direction DWI sequences.
  • Radiologists assessed CC visibility and contrast ratio (CR); diagnostic accuracy compared with postnatal imaging.

Main Results:

  • Single-direction DWI demonstrated significantly higher visibility and contrast ratio compared to HASTE and TrueFISP (p < 0.0001).
  • Combined single-direction DWI with HASTE/TrueFISP achieved 97.1% diagnostic accuracy for ACC, significantly higher than HASTE/TrueFISP alone (74.3%, p = 0.013).
  • Fetuses with ACC showed significantly smaller CC length and area on single-direction DWI compared to normal controls (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Single-direction DWI is a feasible and effective method for visualizing the fetal corpus callosum.
  • It offers superior image quality (visibility and CR) compared to HASTE and TrueFISP.
  • Single-direction DWI serves as a valuable complementary sequence for enhancing the diagnosis of agenesis of the corpus callosum.