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The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
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Leukoaraiosis and acute ischemic stroke.

Xiaojia Tang1, Li Jiang2, Yuhan Luo3

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, China.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|July 31, 2021
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Summary

Leukoaraiosis (LA) is common in acute cerebral infarction and linked to neurological issues. This review examines LA

Keywords:
ischemic strokeleukoaraiosismechanismprognosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Vascular Neurology

Background:

  • Ischaemic stroke presents significant morbidity, disability, mortality, and recurrence risks, impacting patient quality of life and imposing societal economic burdens.
  • Leukoaraiosis (LA), a common neurodegenerative finding, is increasingly diagnosed in acute cerebral infarction cases due to advancements in neuroimaging.
  • LA is associated with cognitive decline, depression, gait abnormalities, and atherosclerosis, but its precise etiology and imaging assessment remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on the underlying mechanisms of leukoaraiosis (LA).
  • To evaluate the impact of LA on the prognosis of patients diagnosed with acute ischaemic stroke.
  • To address conflicting expert opinions regarding LA's effect on stroke outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of relevant studies on leukoaraiosis (LA) and ischaemic stroke.
  • Analysis of research focusing on the pathogenesis and clinical implications of LA.
  • Synthesis of findings to assess the relationship between LA and stroke prognosis.

Main Results:

  • LA is frequently observed in patients with acute cerebral infarction.
  • Evidence suggests LA may adversely affect the prognosis of ischaemic stroke.
  • Some studies present contradictory findings on the prognostic significance of LA.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to elucidate the exact role of LA in acute ischaemic stroke.
  • Clarifying the mechanism and prognostic impact of LA is crucial for patient management.
  • Standardized imaging criteria for LA assessment are required.