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New-onset diabetes mellitus with COVID-19: Coincidence or cause

J Muthukrishnan1, Abhinav Kumar Verma2, K K Ashta3

  • 1Consultant (Medicine) & Endocrinologist, Medical Division, Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|August 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

New-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) occurred in some patients hospitalized with COVID-19, presenting with severe symptoms. Further research is needed to understand if COVID-19 causes or is coincidental with new-onset diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a frequent comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, associated with poorer outcomes.
  • New-onset DM has been observed in individuals during symptomatic COVID-19 illness.

Observation:

  • This report details three cases of new-onset DM diagnosed during COVID-19 hospitalization.
  • Patients presented with severe hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis (two cases), or hyperosmolarity (one case).

Findings:

  • Anti-GAD-65 antibodies were negative in all observed cases.
  • Varying C-peptide secretion levels were noted post-recovery.
  • No evidence of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction was found during acute illness or recovery.

Implications:

  • The co-occurrence of DM and COVID-19 warrants further investigation to determine causality versus coincidence.
  • Understanding this link may improve management strategies for diabetic patients with COVID-19.

Keywords:
Beta cell dysfunctionCOVID-19Diabetes mellitusNew onset

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