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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
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Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

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Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

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Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
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Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

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Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
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Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

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Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
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Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

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Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells
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Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells

Published on: November 21, 2018

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Leukocytosis and Spurious Hypoxemia.

Sachin Gupta1, Sushma Medikayala2, Balraj Singh3

  • 1Hospital Medicine, Tower Health Reading Hospital, West Reading, USA.

Cureus
|August 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

High white blood cell and platelet counts can cause falsely low oxygen levels in arterial blood gas tests. This "leukocyte/platelet larceny" mimics true hypoxemia, requiring medical awareness for accurate diagnosis.

Keywords:
amlleucocyte larcencyleucocytosis and abnormal abgoxygen stealspurious hypoxemia

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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Murine Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells and MLL-AF9 Driven Leukemia
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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Murine Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells and MLL-AF9 Driven Leukemia
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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Murine Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells and MLL-AF9 Driven Leukemia

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Clinical Pathology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is crucial for assessing oxygenation.
  • Elevated white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts are common in hematological malignancies.
  • Abnormal ABG results can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate medical interventions.

Observation:

  • Patients with very high WBC and platelet counts may exhibit paradoxically low partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and oxygen saturations on ABG analysis.
  • This phenomenon, termed
  • is attributed to oxygen consumption by cellular elements within the arterial blood sample during analysis.
  • Pulse oximetry may show normal oxygen saturation despite low ABG readings, raising suspicion for spurious hypoxemia.

Findings:

  • The low pO2 and oxygen saturation readings in ABGs are not indicative of true hypoxemia but rather an artifact of oxygen consumption by leukocytes and platelets.
  • This
  • or
  • can occur in patients with hematological conditions characterized by high cellular counts.
  • The discrepancy between ABG results and pulse oximetry is a key indicator for suspecting this condition.

Implications:

  • Awareness of this phenomenon is critical for healthcare professionals to avoid misinterpreting ABG results.
  • Correct identification prevents unnecessary hospitalizations, further diagnostic tests, and escalation of care.
  • Prompt recognition facilitates appropriate patient triage and management, particularly in hematology patients.