Successful Treatment of Brevibacterium Bacteremia Solely With Antimicrobial Therapy

Brevibacterium is a large genus that is not often involved in pathogenesis, however, since 1991 there have been several case reports of Brevibacterium-associated illness, most often due to bacteremia in the setting of an immunocompromised patient with a central venous catheter (CVC). Here we detail the case of an elderly woman with many comorbidities and a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line for over four years, who presented with septic shock and Brevibacterium bacteremia. In nearly all previous cases of Brevibacterium bacteremia it was thought to be due to a CVC which was removed as part of the treatment in conjunction with antibiotics. In this case, the patient was treated with empiric antibiotics and her blood cultures cleared within 48 hours without catheter removal or antibiotic-lock therapy. The clinical outcome was favorable at 50 days follow-up.