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Usability of End-to-End Encryption in E-Mail Communication
Adrian Reuter1, Ahmed Abdelmaksoud2, Karima Boudaoud3
1Department of Informatics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
Frontiers in Big Data
|August 2, 2021
Summary
Many users remain unaware of email encryption tools like PGP, S/MIME, and pEp, hindering adoption despite perceived importance for security and preventing identity theft.
Area of Science:
- Computer Science
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Cybersecurity
Background:
- End-to-end encryption technologies (PGP, S/MIME, pEp) exist for securing email.
- Despite availability, user adoption of email encryption remains low.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the usability of three end-to-end encryption technologies for email.
- To identify reasons behind low user adoption of email encryption.
- To understand user perceptions of email security and identity theft.
Main Methods:
- Combined online survey and user testing with 12 participants.
- Participants engaged in tasks requiring email encryption.
Main Results:
- Over 60% of participants were unaware of email encryption technologies.
- Users struggled with public key management and software setup.
- 66% deemed secure email important; 78% were concerned about identity theft.
Conclusions:
- Significant barriers exist in user awareness and technical implementation of email encryption.
- Despite usability challenges, users value email security and identity protection.
- Further research is needed to improve the user experience of encryption tools.
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