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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules01:15

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
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Remodeling the matrix: doxycycline modulates tuberculosis immunopathology.

Jason D Simmons, Thomas R Hawn

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    Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor doxycycline, added to tuberculosis treatment, reduced inflammation and improved lung cavity volumes. This host-directed therapy shows promise for treating pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) by targeting host responses.

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    A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Pulmonary Medicine

    Background:

    • Pulmonary cavitation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection creates a niche for bacterial growth, increasing transmission and drug resistance.
    • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are elevated during Mtb infection and contribute to disease pathology.
    • Host-directed therapies (HDTs) aim to modulate the host immune response to combat tuberculosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the host-directed effects of the MMP inhibitor doxycycline when added to standard antituberculous therapy (ATT) for pulmonary tuberculosis.
    • To evaluate the impact of doxycycline on host transcription profiles, immunopathology markers, and lung cavity volumes.

    Main Methods:

    • A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted.
    • Participants received standard ATT with either doxycycline or a placebo for two weeks.
    • Host blood transcription profiles, MMP levels in blood and sputum, and lung cavity volumes were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • Doxycycline treatment durably modulated host blood transcription profiles, resolving inflammatory gene programs.
    • Reduced immunopathology markers were observed in the doxycycline group, including improved lung cavity volumes.
    • Lower MMP levels in blood and sputum were noted in participants treated with doxycycline.

    Conclusions:

    • Doxycycline as a host-directed therapy demonstrates potential for treating pulmonary tuberculosis.
    • The study provides mechanistic insights into the benefits of targeting MMPs in tuberculosis.
    • Experimental medicine trials are crucial for developing novel HDTs for tuberculosis.