Search research articles

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The science of ketogenic supplements for athletes: boosting endurance, efficiency, and energy metabolism.

Nutrition & metabolism·2025

Same author

Habitual Caffeine Consumption and Training Status Affect the Ergogenicity of Acute Caffeine Intake on Exercise Performance.

Sports health·2025

Same author

Hard Boundary-Based Neurofeedback Training Procedure: A Modified Fixed Thresholding Method for More Accurate Guidance of Subjects Within Target Areas During Neurofeedback Training.

Clinical EEG and neuroscience·2022

See all related articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

Neurofeedback Training Protocol Based on Selecting Distinctive Features to Treat or Reduce ADHD Symptoms.

Parham Jalali¹, Nasrin Sho'ouri¹

¹Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Clinical EEG and Neuroscience

|August 2, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Electroencephalography (EEG) theta/beta ratio (TBR) may not be a reliable ADHD biomarker. A new neurofeedback (NFB) protocol targeting specific brainwave activity shows promise for managing ADHD symptoms.

Keywords:

ADHD EEG genetic algorithm neurofeedback power spectral density

More Related Videos

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Clinical Psychology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Electroencephalography (EEG) theta/beta ratio (TBR) has been investigated as a potential biomarker for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
Previous research suggests lower TBR in individuals with ADHD compared to healthy controls, but its diagnostic and therapeutic utility remains debated.
Existing neurofeedback (NFB) protocols aimed at reducing TBR in the central (Cz) channel for ADHD treatment have faced scrutiny regarding their effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the diagnostic potential of EEG-TBR in ADHD.
To propose and evaluate a novel NFB treatment protocol for ADHD management.
To identify significant EEG features distinguishing children with ADHD from healthy controls.

Main Methods:

EEG data were collected from 30 children with ADHD and 30 healthy controls during an attention-based task.
Relative power in different EEG frequency bands was calculated.
A genetic algorithm (GA) was employed to identify distinguishing EEG features between the groups.
A new NFB protocol involving modulation of alpha and delta bands in specific channels (F7, T5) was proposed.

Main Results:

EEG-TBR was found to be lower in children with ADHD, but the difference was not statistically significant.
The study proposed inhibiting alpha band activity and enhancing delta band activity in F7 or T5 channels as a novel NFB approach for ADHD.
No significant increase in EEG-TBR was observed in the Cz channel, questioning the efficacy of existing TBR inhibitory protocols.

Conclusions:

The findings cast doubt on the reliability of EEG-TBR as a sole biomarker for ADHD diagnosis.
The proposed NFB protocol, focusing on specific channel and frequency band modulations, offers a potential alternative for ADHD management.
Combining the new protocol with enhanced beta-band activity may be beneficial for treating or reducing ADHD symptoms.