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Evolutionarily distinct resistance proteins detect a pathogen effector through its association with different host

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  • 1Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee, At James Hutton Institute, Errol Rd, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.

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Summary

Plant immune receptors R2 and Rpi-mcq1 recognize the pathogen effector PiAVR2 through distinct mechanisms involving different BSL phosphatases, crucial for durable disease resistance.

Keywords:
NLRavirulencecell deatheffector-triggered immunityplant immunityplant pathogen co-evolutionpotato late blightresistance protein

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Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Molecular biology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Understanding pathogen recognition mechanisms is key to developing durable disease resistance in plants.
  • Phytophthora infestans effector PiAVR2 is recognized by distinct plant resistance proteins, R2 and Rpi-mcq1.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how evolutionarily distinct resistance proteins R2 and Rpi-mcq1 recognize the P. infestans effector PiAVR2.
  • To determine the role of BSL phosphatases in mediating R2- and Rpi-mcq1-triggered hypersensitive responses (HR).

Main Methods:

  • Yeast two-hybrid assays
  • Co-immunoprecipitation
  • Virus-induced gene silencing
  • Transient overexpression
  • Phosphatase activity assays

Main Results:

  • BSL1 activity and association with R2 are essential for R2-mediated recognition of PiAVR2.
  • BSL2 and BSL3 activity mediate Rpi-mcq1 recognition of PiAVR2.
  • Distinct BSL phosphatases are involved in the recognition of PiAVR2 by R2 and Rpi-mcq1, highlighting their central role in plant immunity.

Conclusions:

  • R2 and Rpi-mcq1 employ different strategies to detect the effector PiAVR2, utilizing distinct BSL phosphatases.
  • These findings reveal crucial insights into the molecular basis of plant disease resistance and pathogen recognition evolution.