Acute onset traction-associated ulceration and alopecia

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Pediatric Dermatology
• Hair Disorders

Background:

• Traction alopecia is a common cause of hair loss due to prolonged scalp tension.
• Certain hairstyles, particularly those involving tight braiding, are frequently implicated.

Observation:

• A 9-year-old African American girl developed extensive scalp ulceration and alopecia 11 days after receiving synthetic hair braids.
• The patient's symptoms were attributed to prolonged tension and pressure on the hair follicles.

Findings:

• The case suggests an acute variant of traction alopecia presenting with pressure-induced ischemia and necrosis.
• Most of the patient's hair regrew over several months with consistent wound care and low-tension hairstyling.

Implications:

• This case highlights the potential for severe scalp damage from tight hairstyles in children.
• Emphasizes the importance of appropriate hair care practices to prevent traction alopecia and its complications.
• Suggests that early intervention with wound care and tension reduction can lead to favorable hair regrowth outcomes.