Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

491
Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
491
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

1.7K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mechanistic insights into nitrogen loss during food waste composting revealed by metagenomic and qPCR analyses under varying substrate C/N ratios.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Comparative effect of gum arabic and psyllium husk on alginate hydrogels for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum encapsulation.

Food chemistry·2026
Same author

Optimising composting to reduce plasmid and integrative conjugative element conjugation to minimise antibiotic resistomes in livestock manure for safe organic fertilisation.

Journal of hazardous materials·2026
Same author

Carbon capture in breweries using microalgae: Preliminary techno-economic insights for ruminant feed applications.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Reactive oxygen species-mediated conversion of organic matter into humus: A meta-analysis on mechanisms and environmental implications.

Journal of environmental sciences (China)·2026
Same author

Microbial necromass accelerates humic acid formation by reshaping DOM transformation pathways during composting.

Environmental research·2026
Same journal

Dose-dependent effects of biochar on low-temperature anammox: reactor performance, community variation, and functional potential.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same journal

A physics-informed neural network framework for plant-wide prediction and dynamic control of wastewater treatment.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same journal

Magnetite-driven food waste conversion toward high-value medium-chain fatty acids production through promoted biological processes and electrochemical environment.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same journal

Valorization of pulp reject into green flocculant for antibiotic wastewater: Performance, interfacial interaction mechanisms, and life cycle assessment.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same journal

Discovery and engineering of a formate dehydrogenase with enhanced bicarbonate reduction activity.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same journal

Economic analysis and optimization of renewable natural gas production from prairie biomass.

Bioresource technology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts
10:37

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts

Published on: April 9, 2016

9.1K

Factors governing microalgae harvesting efficiency by flocculation using cationic polymers.

Hang P Vu1, Luong N Nguyen1, Benjamin Emmerton2

  • 1Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.

Bioresource Technology
|August 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Harvesting efficiency of Chlorella vulgaris using cationic polymer flocculation increases with microalgae culture maturity. Cell properties like extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and negative charge drive this improved flocculation.

Keywords:
Algal extracellular polymeric substancesChlorella vulgarisGrowth phasePhosphorousZeta potential

More Related Videos

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules
06:00

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules

Published on: June 11, 2018

7.1K
Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability
09:27

Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability

Published on: April 22, 2016

17.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts
10:37

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts

Published on: April 9, 2016

9.1K
Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules
06:00

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules

Published on: June 11, 2018

7.1K
Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability
09:27

Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability

Published on: April 22, 2016

17.6K

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Efficient microalgae harvesting is crucial for biofuel and wastewater treatment applications.
  • Flocculation is a common method, but its efficiency can be influenced by various factors.
  • Understanding Chlorella vulgaris cell properties is key to optimizing flocculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms behind Chlorella vulgaris harvesting efficiency using cationic polymer flocculation.
  • To determine the influence of microalgal growth phase on flocculation performance.
  • To identify key microalgal cell properties affecting flocculation efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) were cultured to different growth phases (early exponential, late exponential, stationary).
  • Cationic polymer flocculation was applied to harvest microalgae at each growth phase.
  • Microalgal cell properties, including extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and surface charge, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Flocculation efficiency significantly increased with microalgal culture maturity, reaching >97% in the stationary phase.
  • Phosphorus residue did not negatively impact flocculation efficiency, unlike in conventional wastewater treatment.
  • Microalgal EPS content and cell surface negativity increased with culture age, correlating with higher flocculation rates.

Conclusions:

  • Microalgal growth phase is a critical determinant of flocculation efficiency with cationic polymers.
  • Increased EPS production and cell surface negativity in mature Chlorella vulgaris facilitate charge neutralization and bridging mechanisms for effective harvesting.
  • Optimizing harvesting strategies based on microalgal growth phase can enhance Chlorella vulgaris recovery.