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Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
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The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
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The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the...
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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
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The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
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A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
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Reverberation strength perceived by normal-hearing listeners predictable based on time-varying binaural loudness.

Gregory M Ellis1, Pavel Zahorik2

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.

Hearing Research
|August 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated how binaural reverberation affects perceived reverberance, finding that time-varying binaural loudness models, focusing on sound energy "glimpses," accurately predict listener responses.

Keywords:
Binaural hearingLoudnessModelingPsychoacousticsReverberation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychoacoustics
  • Auditory Perception
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Previous research explored binaural reverberation and perceived reverberation strength (reverberance).
  • Understanding reverberance through basic psychoacoustic principles remains an area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine perceptual effects of binaural reverberation combinations.
  • To explain perceived reverberance using fundamental psychoacoustic principles.

Main Methods:

  • Stimuli generated using virtual space techniques simulating a speech source.
  • Reverberant energy at the ears systematically varied relative to natural levels.
  • Magnitude estimation used to quantify perceived reverberance across four experiments.

Main Results:

  • Monaural and binaural listening conditions tested with varied reverberation gains.
  • A model of time-varying binaural loudness accurately predicted experimental results.
  • Model focused on temporal "glimpses" of high reverberant and low direct sound energy.

Conclusions:

  • Perceived reverberance can be explained by psychoacoustic principles related to loudness.
  • Similar underlying mechanisms may govern both reverberance and loudness perception.
  • Time-varying binaural loudness models offer a predictive framework for reverberance.