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Advanced imaging of dentin microstructure.

T A Bakhsh1, J A Abuljadayel2, E Alshouibi3

  • 1Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80209, Jeddah 215-89, Saudi Arabia.

Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express
|August 2, 2021
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Summary

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) successfully guided specimen sectioning for detailed ultrastructural analysis of dentin and dentinal tubules (DT) using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). This imaging approach enhances precision in dental research.

Keywords:
FESEMdentinenamelimagingoptical coherence tomographytooth

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Research
  • Microscopy Techniques

Background:

  • Accurate characterization of dentin ultrastructure is crucial for understanding dental tissue properties and pathology.
  • Traditional methods for preparing specimens for high-resolution microscopy can be destructive and lack in-situ guidance.
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers non-destructive imaging capabilities that could potentially aid in precise specimen preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) for guiding the sectioning of human molar teeth.
  • To characterize the ultrastructural features of dentin surfaces and dentinal tubules (DT) using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) after OCT-guided sectioning.
  • To correlate OCT imaging with FESEM findings for enhanced dental tissue analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Human molar teeth were examined using CP-OCT before being embedded and hemisectioned.
  • Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to locate target areas on the superficial dentin.
  • Specimens were further processed and examined using FESEM to reveal ultrastructural details of dentin and DT.

Main Results:

  • CP-OCT provided high-contrast, micron-scale imaging, enabling identification of enamel and dentin microstructures and avoidance of defects during sectioning.
  • CLSM confirmed homogenous distribution of DT orifices.
  • FESEM revealed distinct ultrastructural features of intertubular and peritubular dentin, as well as the mineralized collagen network within DT.

Conclusions:

  • CP-OCT is a feasible technique for guiding precise specimen sectioning in dental research.
  • Combining CP-OCT with FESEM allows for detailed ultrastructural analysis of dentin and DT with improved accuracy.
  • Structural density variations in dental tissues significantly influence OCT contrast, aiding in the identification of subsurface structures.