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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Transgenic Plants02:50

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Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
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Homologous Recombination02:31

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Genome Editing in Mammalian Cell Lines using CRISPR-Cas
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Construct design for CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing in plants.

Md Mahmudul Hassan1, Yingxiao Zhang2, Guoliang Yuan3

  • 1Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; The Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh.

Trends in Plant Science
|August 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers CRISPR construct design for plant genome editing, focusing on Cas proteins, guide RNAs (gRNAs), and regulatory elements. It offers recommendations for optimizing CRISPR tools for diverse plant applications.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Casbase editorsmultiplex CRISPRplant genome editingprime editors

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biotechnology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genome editing

Background:

  • CRISPR construct design is crucial for successful genome editing.
  • Key components include Cas proteins, guide RNAs (gRNAs), and regulatory elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review CRISPR-based genome editors for plant applications.
  • To discuss strategies for multiplex CRISPR construct design.
  • To provide recommendations for CRISPR construct optimization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of CRISPR-based genome editing technologies.
  • Analysis of gRNA design principles and computational tools.
  • Discussion of multiplex construct strategies for complex traits.

Main Results:

  • Overview of suitable CRISPR editors for various plant genome editing needs.
  • Consideration of technical aspects and tools for gRNA design.
  • Strategies for multiplex CRISPR constructs enabling high-throughput manipulation.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR construct design requires careful selection of components for specific plant applications.
  • Multiplexing strategies are essential for complex genetic modifications.
  • Further optimization of CRISPR constructs is needed for advanced plant genome editing.